Java History and future releases

Java is general purpose object oriented programming language,which .is developed by Sun Microsystems in 1991.Java was originally called Oak by James Gosling ,one of the inventors of the language,Java was actually designed for the software development of consumers electronic devices like TVs,, VCRs,etc.The goal has a impact on the development project to make the language simple portable and highly reliable.The project team discovered that the languages in the market like C ,C++  had limitations in terms of reliability and portability. So the project team pick up those  features of C and C++ which are good and leave those features which are causing security and other problems.So a new programming language was developed and released in the market.

Here is some Java Milestones :-

Java History

1990	Sun Microsystems decided to develop software that could be used to manipulate consumer electronic devices.A team headed by James Gosling  was formed to undertake this task.
1991	After exploring the programming languages which were popular in the market like C ,C++ the team announced a new language named as "Oak".
1992	The team (named as Green Project team by Sun Microsystems) demonstrated the application of there new language to control the home appliances using a hand held device.
1993	The world wide web appear on the internet that transformed the text based interaction into a graphical environment.The team come up with the idea of development of small tiny programs(applets) using new language which they have developed("Oak").These new programs can run on any type of computer connected to the internet.
1994	The team developed a new web browser called "HotJava" to run applet programs on internet.
1995	The language "Oak" was renamed as "Java" due to legal issues
1996	Java established itself as a leader for Internet programming as well as general purpose  ,object oriented programming language .In this year the Java Development Kit 1.0 was released.
1997	Sun has released Java Development Kit 1.1(JDK 1.1).
1998	Sun releases Java 2 with version 1.2 (SDK 1.2).
1999	Sun releases Java 2 Platform (J2SE) and (J2EE).
2000	J2SE with SDK 1.3 was released by Sun .
2002	J2SE with SDK 1.4 was released.
2004	J2SE with SDK 5.0 (instead of JDK 1.5 ) was released.
2006	J2SE with SDK 6.0 was released.
2011	J2SE with SDK 7.0 was released.
2014	J2SE with SDK 8.0 will be released.
2016	J2SE with SDK 9.0 will released.

Why is Java Strongly associated with the Internet?

Java  is strongly associated with the Internet because the first application program written in Java was HotJava,a browser to run the applet on Internet .So the Internet users use the Java to create the applet programs and run them locally using a 'Java-enabled browsers' like HotJava..The users can use the 'Java-enabled browsers to download the applet located on the computer system anywhere in the internet ans run it on their computer.

So the Internet users  start setting up the their web sites  containing Java applets that could be used by the other remote internet users .So this ability make the Java programming language popular among the Internet programmers ,so the Java is popularly known as 'Internet Language'.

List a few major difference between C++ and Java

There are following some difference between C++ and Java:-

• Java does not support operator overloading ,but C++ provide the operator overloading mechanism.
• Java does not have template classes as in C++.
• Java does not support multiple inheritance of classes as in C++ .But in Java it is accomplished by using a feature called "Interface".
•  Java does not support global variables.Every variable and methods are declared and used within the class only,but C++ have global variables.
• Java does not use the pointers like C++ have.
• Java has finalize() method in place of destructor function.
• There is no header files used in Java like C++ use.Java use the concept of packages 

What is multithreading ?How does it improve the performance of the Java?

Multithreading means handing multiple tasks simultaneously,like listing to an audio song while downloading a file from a distent computer.Java support multithreading.Java programs can be written to support multithreading. In Java two programes can be run to do different tasks,like to show the GUI graphics to the user and simultaneously read a file from the hard-disk.So it make the application run smoothly,so that the performance will be better.

How java is more secure than other languages?

Java is more secure because of following reasons:-

• No use of pointer :-
            Java do not use the pointers like other languages c,c++.(pointers are variables which holds the memory addresses).These pointers leads to unauthorized access to the memory blocks if some other program get the pointer values,and can change and manipulate the data stored in the systems RAM.But java does not use the pointers,it has its internal mechanism to manage the memory management .Java give the access to the data to the programs which has proper verified authorization.

• Concept of error handling and exception handling :-
          Java provide the exception handling concept which capture series errors and eliminates any risk of crashing the system.Java compiler check all the code lines and check that if there is any line of code that may create error and give warnings to the programmer like "deprecated methods and classes",so that the more effective program can be written by doing changes in the program .It checks the at the time of execution and may create the exception ArrayIndexOutOfBoundExceptionso that these exceptions can be handled without program crash ,and unauthorised memory contents are not accessible and modifiable by any other programs.

• Strict Data Type Checking:-Java compiler strictly check the data type that is defined to the variables in the program ,so that there unboxing and unboxing operations can not lead to security issues.Java provide wrapper classes to use in place of primitive data types like Integer class to use instead of int data type ,there are many more.
• Garbage Collector:-Java has its internal garbage collector that automatically deallocate the variables and objects that go out of scope ,so that the and security issue may lead ,and it also effective to put the memory management task in the hand of Garbage Collector ,because the programmer may do mistake in programming logic(like left destruction of objects and pointers)  that may lead to loophole in the security of program.But java is secure in this case.

Why is Java known as platform-neutral language?

Java is known as platform independent because it uses the concept of  generating the byte code of the high level program ,and then run that byte code(intermediate code) on JVM(Java Virtual Machine),now what is JVM,actual JVM is a virtual computer system that run on your original computer system .
   JVM converts the byte code to machine code according to the your original computer's machine architecture(your computer system architecture like x86,ARM etc.).Here is flow how the Java handle your high level program.

      So java compilation is done only once ,after that the byte code can be interpreted on any machine that have JVM.JVM is of different type according to computer system architecture,means for x86 JVM will be different for ARM JVM will be different etc.These are developed by the java vender that is Oracle.This JVM come as a part of JDK(Java Development Kit).
So this compiler and interpreter has make it platform-neutral language.  

List of a few areas of application of OOP technology

• Now a days OOP is most popular technology among programmers.It is used in the area of designing of user interface windows of every software .

Like:-

In above the design of textbox labels buttons etc are developed using Object Oriented Programming ,because it easy to co relate there working in the manner of Objects. So today all the software development is done in OOP .

• Real time systems are much complex and contain many more objectives with complicated attributes and methods. So in real time systems OOP is useful because it can simplify a complex problem.We can create complex objects in OOP and can create there communication methods and can get the results .In the coming post we will create Real time objects and see there working  also.

• Simulation and modelling applications can be created using OOP because in OOP we can handle real time objects and can generate there behavior  in simulation system also.

• Object Oriented databases are good application of OOP ,in object oriented databases we can handle objects easily,object data can be processed easily.

•  There are other applications of OOP are:-

• AI and expert systems 
• Neural network 
• Parallel programming
• Decision Support Systems
• CIM
• CAD etc.